BASREENA BASHEER
1024105
CIA II
MEL 132
WESTERN AESTHETICS
15th July, 2010.
Mapping of the essay-When was Modernism-Raymond Williams
1. Defining Modernism through Different Routes
1.1 Title-borrowed.
1.2 Historical questioning-problematic history.
1.3 Inquiry-historical questioning-different ways-misleading ideology.
1.4 Modern-term-synonymous-‘now’-late sixteenth century-mark-period-medieval-ancient times.
1.5 Jane Austen characteristically qualified inflection-state of alternation-eighteenth century contemporaries-indicate updating and improvement.
1.6 Nineteenth century-more favorable-progressive ring.
1.7 Modern shifted reference.
1.8 Modernism-cultural movement.
1.9 Modern-world between-century and half a century.
1.10 English-‘avant-garde’-Dadaism-recent fringe theatre.
2 Identifying The Moment Of Modernism
2.1 Determining the process-identifying the machinery of selective tradition.
2.2 Romantics’ victorious definition-arts as out-riders-extraordinary innovations-metaphoric control-refined-Gogol, Flaubert-precedence over-modernist names.
2.3 Earlier novelists-later work possible.
2.4 Excluding great realists-modernism-refuses-whole vocabulary, structure of figures of speech- grasps unprecedented social forms.
2.5 Impressionists-1860s-defined new technique-only Post-Impressionists-Cubists-situated in the tradition.
3 Who Wrongly Constituted Modernism
3.1 Symbolist poets-1880s-superannuated-by others-1910 onward.
3.2 Drama-Ibsen-Strindberg-left behind.
3.3 Late-born ideology-selects the later group.
3.4 Imputes-primacy of subconscious-both writing and painting-radical questioning-processes of representation.
3.5 Writers-applauded-denaturalizing-language.
3.6 Self-reflexive text-centre-public-aesthetic stage-repudiates fixed forms-settled cultural authority-market popularity.
4 Relearning Modernism
4.1 Selected version –offers-whole of modernity.
4.2 Names-real history-open ideologizing-permits-selection.
4.3 Series of breaks-in all arts-late nineteenth century-breaks with form-power.
5 Modernism And Popular Culture
5.1 Late nineteenth century-greatest changes-media of cultural production.
5.2 Photography-cinema-radio-television reproduction-decisive advances-period identified-modernist-in response-first instance-defensive cultural groupings-competitively self-promoting.
5.3 1890s-badge-self conscious-self advertising schools.
5.4 Futurist-imagists-surrealists-vorticists-arrival-vision of the new-became fissiparous.
6 Modernism And Writers In Exile
6.1 Movements-products-changes in public media.
6.2 Media-technological investment-mobilized-cultural forms-new metropolitan cities.
6.3 Paris-Vienna-Berlin-London-Newyork-new silhouette-city of strangers-locale for art-restlessly mobile émigré-internationally anti-bourgeois artist.
6.4 Writers-continously-moving-Paris-Vienna-meeting-exiles-bringing-manifestos-post-revolutionary formation.
7 Émigré Writing
7.1 Endless border crossing-worked-naturalize-non natural-status of language
7.2 Commotion-interpreted-ratified-city of émigrés-New York
8 Modernism-Anti-bourgeois phenomenon
8.1 Modernism-divides-politically-specific movements.
8.2 Anti-bourgeois-art-liberating vanguard-popular consciousness
8.3 Picasso-Brecht-direct-support-communism-Marinetti-Ezra Pound-fascism-Elliot-Yeats-Anglo Catholicism.
9 Modernism-a narrow perspective
9.1 Modernism-nothing else beyond it
9.2 Marginal artist-classics-organized teachings-great galleries-metropolitan cities
9.3 Modernism-highly selective field
10 Émigré Writers And Modernism
10.1 Ideological victory-artists-mobile émigrés
10.2 Émigré life-dominant-key groups
10.3 Self referentiality-propinquity-mutual isolation-works-radical estrangement
11 Modernism And Consumerism
11.1 Modernism-new international capitalism
11.2 Significant disconnection-relocated-technical modes-advertising-commercial cinema
11.3 Narrative discontinuities-iconography-commercials
12 Modernism-a non historical fixity.
12.1 Modernism-new-fixed form-present moment
12.2 Modernism-tradition-addressing itself.
Work cited
Williams, Raymond.”When was Modernism?” Art in Modern Culture: An Anthology of Critical Texts. Eds. Francis Franscina, and Jonathan Harris. London/New York: Phaidon, 1992.Print.
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